Diaxiom Technologies

Message from the Inventor  
Sulfur Cycle
The Hydrogen Charging Cycle      Hydrogen Discharge Cycle     Hydrogen Release Cycle
Lightning 
Global Warming
Energy In-Energy Out
Publications
Secure Accociate Area

Hydrogen is constantly transitioning from the earth's core, into the magma layer, crust, oceans, atmosphere and finally, out into space.  The Hydrogen Cycle theory addresses these transition stages, encompassing three separate processes in our planet's energy system - The Charging Cycle; the Discharge Cycle; and the Release Cycle.   Below we will examine the final process, The Release Cycle.

In the preceding sections,The Hydrogen Charge Cycle and The Hydrogen Discharge Cycle, it has been shown how hydrogen and sulfur in our environment work together to produce water; and how this water transitions through the environment to produce hydrogen and oxygen.  It has also been shown how this process eliminates heat energy in the environment.  In this section we will present the final link in the theory to explain where this hydrogen comes from in the first place and why it moves through the environment. 

After H+ is released from a thunderstorm, it quickly moves through the upper atmosphere in a process we have called the Hydrogen Release Cycle.   We will outline below how this works. 

As the planet revolves on its axis and  moves through space, it encounters solar wind, comprised primarily of positively charged H+ (and also H3+ and other ions).  This causes the outer edge of the planet's magnetosphere to become positively charged as the earth faces into the sun.   From within the thermosphere, electrons are attracted to the positive potential this creates.

Positive ions (e.g. H+) that have been generated in the lower atmosphere by thunderstorms, are attracted to the negative potential of the electrons in the thermosphere, and move up into the ionosphere.  As the planet turns away from the solar wind during dusk/ night, the positive outer magnetosphere loses its positive potential and the electrons race back towards the positive ions now in the ionosphere.   Because the H+ ions are so light, they attempt to leave the atmosphere and move outwards into the upper thermosphere,  moving through and past the incoming electrons.  As the particles strike each other and other particles, they give off light creating what is commonly known as the Northern and Southern Lights.

Thermal escape mechanisms

One classical thermal escape mechanism is Jeans escape. It is the escape of individual molecules from the high tail of the Maxwell distribution, at a level in the atmosphere where the mean free path is comparable to the scale height. Maxwell's distribution prescribes the kinetic energy distribution of the molecules, which depends on the mass and the velocity according to .

From this dependence, we see that the more massive a gas molecule is, the lower its average speed at a given temperature, meaning it is less likely to escape. This is why hydrogen escapes from a given atmosphere more easily than carbon dioxide. Also, if the planet has a higher mass, the escape velocity is greater, and fewer particles will escape. This is why the gas giant planets are able to have significant amounts of hydrogen and helium, while they escape on Earth. The distance to the Sun also plays a part; a close planet has a hotter atmosphere, which generally leads to a faster range of velocities, and more chance of escape. This helps Titan, which is small compared to Earth but further from the Sun, keep its atmosphere.

However, while it has not been observed, it is theorized that an atmosphere with a high enough pressure and temperature can undergo a 'blow-off'. In this situation molecules basically just flow off into space. Here it is possible to lose heavier molecules than would not normally be lost.